Abstract

This paper contains an overview of factors to consider when evaluating the validity and reliability of interpretations and uses of results used for the purpose of complying with the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act.(FN1) A number of factors are identified and used to examine current interpretations and uses of assessment results for purposes of accountability. A concern is that sanctions and consequences may be imposed on schools through the use of invalid and unreliable results. Specific NCLB Act (NCLB) requirements are identified and used to examine this claim. The requirements include: The development and implementation of content and performance standards and standards-based assessments; Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) with a focus on potential negative impact based on immediate implementation and vague operational definitions; and sanctions and consequences. Clarification of interpretations and uses of results is provided to develop a better understanding for stakeholders who are responsible for making policy and educational decisions. In conclusion, the author suggests that the NCLB Act creates an opportunity for all states to develop and implement valid and reliable accountability systems that clearly and accurately identify effective schools and also provide adequate support to schools in need of improvement so that all students are able to receive quality and effective instruction that improves academic achievement and ultimately allows for students to reach their full potential.

January 2005